Phenolic compounds weaken the impact of drought on soil enzyme activity in global wetlands.

Soil enzymes play a central role in carbon and nutrient cycling, and their activities can be affected by drought-induced oxygen exposure. However, a systematic global estimate of enzyme sensitivity to drought in wetlands is still lacking. Through a meta-analysis of 55 studies comprising 761 paired observations, this study found that phosphorus-related enzyme activity increased by 38% as result of drought in wetlands, while the majority of other soil enzyme activities remained stable. The expansion of vascular plants under long-term drought significantly promoted the accumulation of phenolic compounds. Using a 2-week incubation experiment with phenol supplementation, we found that phosphorus-related enzyme could tolerate higher biotoxicity of phenolic compounds than other enzymes. Moreover, a long-term (35 years) drainage experiment in a northern peatland in China confirmed that the increased phenolic concentration in surface layer resulting from a shift in vegetation composition inhibited the increase in enzyme activities caused by rising oxygen availability, except for phosphorus-related enzyme. Overall, these results demonstrate the complex and resilient nature of wetland ecosystems, with soil enzymes showing a high degree of adaptation to drought conditions. These new insights could help evaluate the impact of drought on future wetland ecosystem services and provide a theoretical foundation for the remediation of degraded wetlands.

Thrombectomy for delayed thromboembolism in a recurrent cerebral aneurysm previously treated with coiling: A case report.

RATIONALE: Giant intracranial aneurysms pose a significant threat due to high mortality rates upon rupture, prompting interventions such as neurosurgical clipping or endovascular coiling. PATIENT CONCERNS: We present a rare case involving a 47-year-old female with a history of successfully treated ruptured giant intracranial aneurysms. Six months post-surgical clipping, she developed symptoms of acute ischemic stroke, prompting the decision for neurosurgical coiling and stent-assisted aneurysm coil embolization due to recurrent intracranial aneurysms. DIAGNOSES: Subsequently, occlusion occurred at the previously implanted stent site during embolization, necessitating exploration of alternative therapeutic options. Digital subtraction angiography confirmed stent occlusion in the right middle cerebral artery. INTERVENTIONS: Despite an initial unsuccessful attempt using a direct aspiration first-pass technique, the patient underwent successful mechanical thrombectomy with a retrievable stent, leading to successful reperfusion. This study aims to highlight the challenges and therapeutic strategies in managing delayed cerebral vascular occlusion following stent-assisted coil embolization, emphasizing the significance of exploring alternative interventions to enhance patient outcomes. OUTCOMES: The patient achieved successful reperfusion, and the study underscores the importance of recognizing and addressing delayed cerebral vascular occlusion after stent-assisted coil embolization for recurrent cerebral aneurysms. LESSONS: Our findings suggest that retrievable stent mechanical thrombectomy may serve as a viable therapeutic option in challenging scenarios, emphasizing the need for further exploration of alternative interventions to enhance patient care.

Transcriptomics and metabolomics reveal the underlying mechanism of drought treatment on anthocyanin accumulation in postharvest blood orange fruit.

BACKGROUND: Anthocyanins are the most important compounds for nutritional quality and economic values of blood orange. However, there are few reports on the pre-harvest treatment accelerating the accumulation of anthocyanins in postharvest blood orange fruit. Here, we performed a comparative transcriptome and metabolomics analysis to elucidate the underlying mechanism involved in seasonal drought (SD) treatment during the fruit expansion stage on anthocyanin accumulation in postharvest 'Tarocco' blood orange fruit. RESULTS: Our results showed that SD treatment slowed down the fruit enlargement and increased the sugar accumulation during the fruit development and maturation period. Obviously, under SD treatment, the accumulation of anthocyanin in blood orange fruit during postharvest storage was significantly accelerated and markedly higher than that in CK. Meanwhile, the total flavonoids and phenols content and antioxidant activity in SD treatment fruits were also sensibly increased during postharvest storage. Based on metabolome analysis, we found that substrates required for anthocyanin biosynthesis, such as amino acids and their derivatives, and phenolic acids, had significantly accumulated and were higher in SD treated mature fruits compared with that of CK. Furthermore, according to the results of the transcriptome data and weighted gene coexpression correlation network analysis (WGCNA) analysis, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL3) was considered a key structural gene. The qRT-PCR analysis verified that the PAL3 was highly expressed in SD treated postharvest stored fruits, and was significantly positively correlated with the anthocyanin content. Moreover, we found that other structural genes in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway were also upregulated under SD treatment, as evidenced by transcriptome data and qRT-PCR analysis. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that SD treatment promotes the accumulation of substrates necessary for anthocyanin biosynthesis during the fruit ripening process, and activates the expression of anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway genes during the postharvest storage period. This is especially true for PAL3, which co-contributed to the rapid accumulation of anthocyanin. The present study provides a theoretical basis for the postharvest quality control and water-saving utilization of blood orange fruit.

Atomic-Resolution In Situ Exploration of the Phase Transition Triggered Failure in a Single-Crystalline Ni-Rich Cathode.

Single-crystalline cathode materials LiNixCoyMn1-y-zO2 (x ≥ 0.6) are important candidates for obtaining better cyclic stability and achieving high energy densities of Li-ion batteries. However, it is liable to initiate phase transitions inside the grains during electrochemical cycling, and the processes and regions of these phase transitions have remained unknown. In this research, we conducted an intrinsic study, investigating the chemicals and microstructural evolution of single-crystalline LiNi0.83Co0.11Mn0.06O2 using in situ biasing transmission electron microscopy at an atomic scale. We observed that the layered structure on the surface of the single-crystalline material was degraded during the charging process, resulting in continuous phase transitions and the formation of surface oxygen vacancies, which can reduce both the structural and thermal stability of the material. Uneven delithiation led to the formation of high-density defects and discontinuous inactive electrochemical phases, such as local antiphase boundaries and the rock salt phase, in the bulk of the material. The non-uniformity of the structure and the coexistence of active and inactive phases introduce significant tensile stress, which can lead to intragranular cracks inside the grains. As the number of cycles increases, the structural degradation caused by the intragranular phase transition will further increase, ultimately affecting the cycling capacity and stability of the battery. This work has broad implications for creating lithium-ion batteries that are effective and long-lasting.

Therapeutic Potential of Bacteroides fragilis SNBF-1 as a Next-Generation Probiotic: In Vitro Efficacy in Lipid and Carbohydrate Metabolism and Antioxidant Activity.

This study explores the potential of aerotolerant Bacteroides fragilis (B. fragilis) strains as next-generation probiotics (NGPs), focusing on their adaptability in the gastrointestinal environment, safety profile, and probiotic functions. From 23 healthy infant fecal samples, we successfully isolated 56 beneficial B. fragilis strains. Notably, the SNBF-1 strain demonstrated superior cholesterol removal efficiency in HepG2 cells, outshining all other strains by achieving a remarkable reduction in cholesterol by 55.38 ± 2.26%. Comprehensive genotype and phenotype analyses were conducted, including sugar utilization and antibiotic sensitivity tests, leading to the development of an optimized growth medium for SNBF-1. SNBF-1 also demonstrated robust and consistent antioxidant activity, particularly in cell-free extracts, as evidenced by an average oxygen radical absorbance capacity value of 1.061 and a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging ability of 94.53 ± 7.31%. The regulation of carbohydrate metabolism by SNBF-1 was assessed in the insulin-resistant HepG2 cell line. In enzyme inhibition assays, SNBF-1 showed significant α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition, with rates of 87.04 ± 2.03% and 37.82 ± 1.36%, respectively. Furthermore, the cell-free supernatant (CFS) of SNBF-1 enhanced glucose consumption and glycogen synthesis in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells, indicating improved cellular energy metabolism. This was consistent with the observation that the CFS of SNBF-1 increased the proliferation of HepG2 cells by 123.77 ± 0.82% compared to that of the control. Overall, this research significantly enhances our understanding of NGPs and their potential therapeutic applications in modulating the gut microbiome.

From Oxygen Redox to Sulfur Redox: A Paradigm for Li-Rich Layered Cathodes.

The utilization of anionic redox chemistry provides an opportunity to further improve the energy density of Li-ion batteries, particularly for Li-rich layered oxides. However, oxygen-based hosts still suffer from unfavorable structural rearrangement, including the oxygen release and transition metal (TM)-ion migration, in association with the tenuous framework rooted in the ionicity of the TM-O bonding. An intrinsic solution, by using a sulfur-based host with strong TM-S covalency, is proposed here to buffer the lattice distortion upon the highly activating sulfur redox process, and it achieves howling success in stabilizing the host frameworks. Experimental results demonstrate the prolonged preservation of the layered sulfur lattice, especially the honeycomb superlattice, during the Li+ extraction/insertion process in contrast to the large structural degeneration in Li-rich oxides. Moreover, the Li-rich sulfide cathodes exhibited a negligible overpotential of 0.08 V and a voltage drop of 0.13 mV/cycle, while maintaining a substantial reversible capacity upon cycling. These superior electrochemical performances can be unambiguously ascribed to the much shorter trajectories of sulfur in comparison to those of oxygen revealed by molecular dynamics simulations at a large scale (∼30 nm) and a long time scale (∼300 ps) via high-dimensional neural network potentials during the delithiation process. Our findings highlight the importance of stabilizing host frameworks and establish general guidance for designing Li-rich cathodes with durable anionic redox chemistry.

Assessing the stress-relief impact of an art-based intervention inspired by the broaden-and-build theory in college students.

Background and objectives: This study's primary objective is to investigate the impact of art-making on the mental well-being of college students, who often experience heightened stress during their initial university years. Methods: Employing a comprehensive methodology, combining interviews and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the research aimed to assess whether a four-week art-making intervention can effectively alleviate stress levels among college students. In the experimental group, participants engaged in a variety of art-making activities, including freehand drawing, clay modeling, and crafting. Results: The results revealed that, in the pre-test, there were no significant differences between the experimental and control groups for each assessed indicator. However, in the post-test, significant differences emerged across all indicators. Further analysis demonstrated a significant reduction in stress perception among the experimental group participants between the pre-test and post-test phases. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study provides compelling evidence that art-making has the potential to foster positive personal development and significantly reduce stress levels among college students.

Caffeine intake and anxiety: a meta-analysis.

The results from studies on relationship between caffeine intake and risk of anxiety remains controversial, so we conducted a meta-analysis to summarize the evidence about the association between caffeine intake and risk of anxiety. Relevant articles were identified by researching PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane library, Embase, CNKI, WANFANG DATA, SinoMed and VIP from the inception to December, 2022. Three investigators independently sifted through the literature, extracted the data, and evaluated the quality of the included studies based on predetermined selection criteria and assessed articles with Risk of bias assessment tool for Cochrane systematic reviews and analytical cross-sectional study quality assessment tool from JBI PACES. After assessing the quality of the literature, meta-analysis was performed using Revman 5.4 and Stata 12.0. Data were obtained from eight articles, and 546 participants from 14 studies in eight articles from healthy populations were included in the caffeine-anxiety analyses. As the scales used to assess anxiety vary in the literature, we chose standardized mean difference as the outcome indicator. In terms of overall effect, the results of the meta-analysis showed that caffeine intake increased the risk of anxiety [SMD = 0.94, 95% Cl = (0.28, 1.60), p < 0.05]. After suspecting that dose size might be responsible for the heterogeneity by sensitivity analysis, we performed subgroup analysis according to dose size and found that low-dose caffeine intake moderately increased the risk of anxiety [SMD = 0.61, 95%Cl = (0.42, 0.79), p < 0.05], whereas high-dose caffeine intake had a highly significant increase in the risk of anxiety [SMD = 2.86, 95%Cl = (2.50, 3.22), p < 0.05]. The results confirm that caffeine intake is associated with an elevated risk of anxiety in healthy individuals without psychiatric disorders, especially when the intake dose is greater than 400 mg.

Hydrous ruthenium oxide triggers template-free and spontaneous growth of metal nanostructures.

Intrinsically conductive ruthenium oxide is an excellent material for energy storage and conversion. Herein, we present hydrous RuO2 (H-RuO2) as a potent reducing agent to achieve spontaneous growth of multiple noble metals at room temperature. Self-assembled gold and platinum, comprising small-sized nanoparticles, are generated on the surface of H-RuO2 without the need for additional templates. Structural analysis reveals that the disordered structure and the presence of oxygen vacancies trigger interfacial redox reactions between H-RuO2 and oxidative metal salts. The resulting integrated nanostructures, consisting of a metal oxide and different metals (H-RuO2@metal), are subsequently used to treat inflammatory bowel diseases. In addition to biomedical applications, our developed synthetic strategy, using reactive oxides to spontaneously generate multicomponent nanostructures, also holds great significance for other catalysis-based applications.

Emergence of an ST1934:KL121 hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae carrying a novel virulence-resistance hybrid plasmid with chromosomal integration of ICEKp1.

To identify the phenotypic and genomic characteristics of K. pneumoniae KP43 from bloodstream infection. KP43 was resistant to ticarcillin and tetracycline and was hypervirulent in the Galleria mellonella larvae infection model, positive for string test, and possessed high-level macrophage killing resistance. The hypervirulence phenotype was associated with the chromosome integration of ICEKp1 carrying iroBCDN-iroP, rmpADC, and peg-344, and a novel plasmid pKP43_vir_amr harboring iutAiucABCD. pKP43_vir_amr was an IncFIBκ/FII virulence-resistance hybrid conjugative plasmid which also carried antibiotic resistance genes. The emergence of such a strain and the spread of the novel virulence-resistance plasmid might pose a potential threat to public health.

Predictive Value of Blood Glucose Coefficient of Variation for Prognoses in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus-Associated Herpes Zoster.

BACKGROUND: Herpes zoster (HZ) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are common diseases in middle-aged and older adults aged 50 years or more, and the prevalence of DM-associated HZ is gradually increasing. Several studies have confirmed that DM is a significant risk factor for postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). However, few studies have investigated the correlation between blood glucose-related indices and prognoses in patients with DM-associated HZ. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of blood glucose-related indices on the prognoses of these patients. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to observe the potential value of blood glucose-related indices in predicting prognoses in patients with DM-associated HZ. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective, observational study. SETTING: The study was carried out in the Pain Department of the First Hospital Affiliated to Jiaxing College in Jiaxing, China. METHODS: Patients with DM-associated HZ admitted to the First Hospital of Jiaxing between October 2019 and February 2022 were enrolled. The patients were divided into PHN and non-PHN groups. Demographic data, including gender, age, period of first clinical visit, site of involvement, history of DM, DM-related complications, comorbidities, and treatment were collected. Simultaneously, blood glucose-related data, including blood glucose level at admission (GLUadm), blood glucose level difference (GLUdif), and blood glucose coefficient of variation (GLUcv) were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to analyze factors affecting prognosis. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to assess the value of GLUcv in predicting prognosis. RESULTS: Overall, 136 patients were included. Among them, 65 and 71 were in the PHN and non-PHN groups, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that gender (x^2 = 2.023, P = 0.044), history of DM (x^2 = 3.850, P < 0.001), DM-related complications (x^2 = 3.238, P = 0.016), comorbidities (x^2 = 2.439, P = 0.019), and GLUcv (x^2 = 3.576, P < 0.001) were associated with PHN. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a history of DM >= 10 years (OR = 4.096, 95% CI: 1.759-10.082, P = 0.001), comorbidities (OR = 2.680, 95% CI: 1.143-6.567, P = 0.026), and GLUcv >= 30.56 (OR = 5.234, 95% CI: 2.325-12.603, P = 0.001) were independent factors. The ROC curve revealed that GLUcv had a high predictive value for PHN (AUC = 0.714, P < 0.001). LIMITATIONS: The nonrandomized, single-center, retrospective design and small sample size are major limitations of this study. CONCLUSIONS: GLUcv has a high predictive value for the prognoses of patients with DM-associated HZ. The higher the GLUcv value, the likelier the patient is to have a poor prognosis.

Mindful parenting and child behaviour problems: A chain mediating role of parental and child communicating performance.

OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the impact of mindful parenting on child behaviour problems and examines the chain mediating role of parental and child communicating performance in this relationship. METHODS: A 10-month follow-up survey was conducted, utilizing the Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale (IM-P), the Parent-Child Communication Inventory, and the abbreviated version of the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL). RESULTS: At baseline (T1), higher levels of mindful parenting in parents were significantly and positively associated with both T1 parental communicating performance and child communicating performance. After 10 months, all three variables showed significant negative associations with child behaviour problems. T1 parental communication performance positively correlated with T1 child communication performance. After controlling for T1 child behaviour problems, children's gender and age, and parents' gender, the indirect association between T1 parents' levels of mindful parenting and T2 child behaviour problems was significant, mediated by T1 parental communicating performance and T1 child communicating performance. CONCLUSION: Mindful parenting enhances parental communication behaviour, leading to improved child communication behaviour and reduced child behaviour problems.

Biodegradable nanofibrillated microcellular PBS/PLA foams for selective oil absorption.

To address the challenges posed by spilled oil and oily wastewater, the development of clean oil-adsorption materials is crucial. However, traditional oil-adsorption materials suffer from the issue of secondary pollution. Herein, fully biodegradable nanofibrillated poly(butylene succinate)/poly(lactic acid) (PBS/PLA) foams with outstanding selective oil-adsorption performance were successfully fabricated via an eco-friendly supercritical CO2 foaming technology. The PBS/PLA composites, featuring nanofibrils with a diameter of approximately 100 nm, were prepared through a hot-stretching method subsequent to extrusion. Substantial improvements were observed in the crystallization rate and rheological properties of the fibrillated PBS/PLA composites. Furthermore, PLA nanofibrils enhanced foamability of the composite, achieving an impressive expansion ratio of up to 38.0, resulting in an outstanding oil-absorption performance (19.2-50.4 g/g) of the F-1 %-95 foam. Additionally, 20 adsorption-desorption cycles illustrated the prepared F-1 %-95 foam displayed recyclable oil-absorption characteristics. This work provides an eco-friendly strategy for preparing fully biodegradable foams intended for application as oil-adsorption materials.

Microbiota composition and correlations with environmental factors in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) culture ponds in South China.

To maintain the health of aquaculture fish, it is critical to understand the composition of microorganisms in aquaculture water and sediment and the factors affecting them. This study examined the water and sediment microbiota compositions of four different types of ponds in South China that were used to culture grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) of different sizes through high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, and analyzed their correlations with environmental factors. The results showed that ponds with cultured grass carp of different sizes exhibited significant differences in terms of water physicochemical properties and composition of water and sediment microbiota. Furthermore, the exchange of microorganisms between water and sediment microbiota was lowest in ponds with the smallest grass carp and highest in ponds with the largest grass carp. All detected environmental factors except water temperature were significantly correlated with the water microbiota, and all detected environmental factors in the sediment were correlated with sediment microbiota. Moreover, Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio were significantly increased in the water microbiota, especially in ponds with small juvenile grass carp, implying an increased risk of A. hydrophila and Vibrio infections in these environments. Our results provide useful information for the management of grass carp aquaculture ponds.

A novel virulence plasmid encoding yersiniabactin, salmochelin, and RmpADC from hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae of distinct genetic backgrounds.

Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKP) is increasingly reported worldwide as a major clinical and public health threat. The virulence of hvKP is attributed largely to the carriage of virulence plasmids (KpVPs). To date, two dominant types of KpVP have been identified, namely, KpVP-1 and KpVP-2. In this study, we reported two hvKP strains from bloodstream infections that carry highly identical virulence plasmids that exhibited <40% coverage compared with KpVP-1 and KpVP-2. This novel virulence plasmid was designated KpVP-3. The two hvKP have different genetic backgrounds, which belonged to ST29-K54 and ST111-K63, respectively. They were both positive for the string test, highly virulent on the Galleria mellonella infection model, and possess high-level macrophage-killing resistance in vitro. Apart from the intrinsic non-susceptibility to ampicillin, both strains were susceptible to commonly used antibiotics. The virulence plasmid carried virulence genes rmpADC, iroBCDN (iro1), and the ybt locus (ybt4) which was not present on either KpVP-1 or KpVP-2. It did not carry antimicrobial resistance genes but carried an incomplete conjugation machinery containing only the traH and traF genes. The KpVP-3 plasmid was stably maintained in both hvKP strains and could not be eliminated with SDS treatment or by serial passage on stress-free agar plates. KpVP-3 was non-self-transmissible under experimental conditions. Data mining suggested KpVP-3-type plasmids have emerged in different countries including China, Australia, and the USA. The emergence of this novel virulence plasmid might pose a potential threat to public health. Heightened efforts are required to study its dissemination mechanism.

Multiview Spectral Clustering Based on Consensus Neighbor Strategy.

Multiview spectral clustering, renowned for its spatial learning capability, has garnered significant attention in the data mining field. However, existing methods assume that the optimal consensus adjacency matrix is confined within the space spanned by each view's adjacency matrix. This constraint restricts the feasible domain of the algorithm and hinders the exploration of the optimal consensus adjacency matrix. To address this limitation, we propose a novel and convex strategy, termed the consensus neighbor strategy, for learning the optimal consensus adjacency matrix. This approach constructs the optimal consensus adjacency matrix by capturing the consensus local structure of each sample across all views, thereby expanding the search space and facilitating the discovery of the optimal consensus adjacency matrix. Furthermore, we introduce the concept of a correlation measuring matrix to prevent trivial solution. We develop an efficient iterative algorithm to solve the resulting optimization problem, benefitting from the convex nature of our model, which ensures convergence to a global optimum. Experimental results on 16 multiview datasets demonstrate that our proposed algorithm surpasses state-of-the-art methods in terms of its robust consensus representation learning capability. The code of this article is uploaded to https://github.com/PhdJiayiTang/Consensus-Neighbor-Strategy.git.

Satellite monitoring reveals short-term cumulative and time-lag effect of drought and heat on autumn photosynthetic phenology in subtropical vegetation.

Comparing with the effect of the average climate change on vegetation phenology, the impacts of extreme climate events remain unclear, especially considering their characteristic cumulative and time-lag effects. Using solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) satellite records, we investigated the cumulative and time-lag effects of drought and heat events on photosynthesis, particularly for the end date of autumn photosynthesis (EOP), in subtropical vegetation in China. Our results showed a negative effect of drought on the delay of EOP, with the cumulative effect on 30.12% (maximum continuous dry days, CDD), 34.82% (dry days, DRD), and 26.14% (dry period, DSDI) of the study area and the general time-lag effect on 50.73% (maximum continuous dry days), 56.61% (dry days), and 47.55% (dry period) of the study area. The cumulative and lagged time were 1-3 months and 2-3 months, respectively. In contrast, the cumulative effect of heat on EOP was observed in 16.27% (warm nights, TN90P), 23.66% (moderate heat days, TX50P), and 19.19% (heavy heat days, TX90P) of the study area, with cumulative time of 1-3 months. The lagged time was 3-4 months, detected in 31.02% (warm nights), 45.86% (moderate heat days), and 36.52% (heavy heat days) of the study area. At the vegetation community level, drought and heat had relatively rapid impacts on EOP in the deciduous broadleaved forest, whereas evergreen forests and bushes responded to heat slowly and took a longer time. Our results revealed that drought and heat have short-term cumulative and time-lag effects on the EOP of subtropical vegetation in China, with varying effects among different vegetation types. These findings provide new insights into the effect of drought and heat on subtropical vegetation and confirm the need to consider these effects in the development of prediction models of autumn phenology for subtropical vegetation.

Development and Validation of a Nomogram to Predict Recurrence of Primary Hyperhidrosis after CT-guided Percutaneous Radiofrequency Sympathectomy.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the recurrence rate of primary hyperhidrosis (PH) after computed tomography (CT)-guided radiofrequency sympathectomy (RFS) and identify risk factors associated with recurrence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 290 patients with PH who underwent CT-guided RFS were included in this retrospective cohort study. The electronic medical record was reviewed for patients' information and procedural parameters. Follow-ups were conducted for recurrence rate, and Hyperhidrosis Disease Severity Scale was used to assess presence or absence of recurrence. Stepwise regression and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression algorithms were used for feature selection. RESULTS: The recurrence rate 1 year after procedure was 17.6%. Male (hazard ratio [HR], 2.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08-5.15), low postoperative palm or foot temperature (HR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.60-0.98), high postoperative heart rate (HR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.02-1.10), low preoperative and postoperative hospital anxiety and depression score difference (HR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.43-0.80), and the absence of compensatory hyperhidrosis immediately after procedure (HR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.22-0.98) were established as independent factors affecting prognosis. A nomogram was built accordingly. The C indices of the training and testing sets were 0.773 and 0.659, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Follow-up results showed that the recurrence rate of PH treated with CT-guided RFS was low. This study constructed and validated a nomogram to predict the recurrence of PH 1 year after CT-guided RFS, which is convenient for interventionalists to evaluate accurately the prognosis of patients postoperatively and to identify high-risk patients who need more active treatment.

Recent Progress of Preparation Strategies in Organic Nanoparticles for Cancer Phototherapeutics.

Phototherapy has the advantages of being a highly targeted, less toxic, less invasive, and repeatable treatment, compared with conventional treatment methods such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. The preparation strategies are significant in order to determine the physical and chemical properties of nanoparticles. However, choosing appropriate preparation strategies to meet applications is still challenging. This review summarizes the recent progress of preparation strategies in organic nanoparticles, mainly focusing on the principles, methods, and advantages of nanopreparation strategies. In addition, typical examples of cancer phototherapeutics are introduced in detail to inform the choice of appropriate preparation strategies. The relative future trend and outlook are preliminarily proposed.

Identifying a Universal Activity Descriptor and a Unifying Mechanism Concept on Perovskite Oxides for Green Hydrogen Production.

Producing indispensable hydrogen and oxygen for social development via water electrolysis shows more prospects than other technologies. Although electrocatalysts have been explored for centuries, a universal activity descriptor for both hydrogen-evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen-evolution reaction (OER) is not yet developed. Moreover, a unifying concept is not yet established to simultaneously understand HER/OER mechanisms. Here, the relationships between HER/OER activities in three common electrolytes and over ten representative material properties on 12 3d-metal-based model oxides are rationally bridged through statistical methodologies. The orbital charge-transfer energy (Δ) can serve as an ideal universal descriptor, where a neither too large nor too small Δ (≈1 eV) with optimal electron-cloud density around Fermi level affords the best activities, fulfilling Sabatier's principle. Systematic experiments and computations unravel that pristine oxide with Δ ≈ 1 eV possesses metal-like high-valence configurations and active lattice-oxygen sites to help adsorb key protons in HER and induce lattice-oxygen participation in the OER, respectively. After reactions, partially generated metals in the HER and high-valence hydroxides in the OER dominate proton adsorption and couple with pristine lattice-oxygen activation, respectively. These can be successfully rationalized by the unifying orbital charge-transfer theory. This work provides the foundation of rational material design and mechanism understanding for many potential applications.